Waveguide Routing ======================= Single-port to Single-port ------------------------------- test There are a total of three types of connections from single port to single port: 1. ``fp.LinkBetween`` 2. ``TECH.LINKER`` 3. ``>>`` Here's a comparison of the three options .. image:: ../images/one_port_to_one_port_en.png Among them, ``LinkBetween`` is relatively flexible and ``LINKER`` is relatively short and neat. Examples ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ :: # Interconnecting device ports by calling fp.create_links device = fp.create_links( link_type=TECH.WG.FWG.C.EXPANDED, # Define the type of straight waveguide in automatic routing bend_factory=TECH.WG.FWG.C.WIRE.BEND_CIRCULAR, # Define the type of bend during automatic routing # Define the connection relationship between device ports in specs specs=[ gc1["op_0"] >> fp.Waypoint(-50, -50, 0) >> gc4["op_0"], # Use >> to define connection relationships # Use LINKER to define the interconnection of the specified device port TECH.LINKER.SWG_WIRE_FWG_EULER( start=gc2["op_0"], end=gc5["op_0"], waypoints=[fp.Waypoint(0, 50, 0)] ), # Use LinkBetween to define a separate segment of the connection, and you can modify the type of the straight waveguide and bend with parameters. fp.LinkBetween( start=gc3["op_0"], end=gc6["op_0"], link_type=TECH.WG.SWG.C.EXPANDED, bend_factory=TECH.WG.SWG.C.WIRE.BEND_CIRCULAR, waypoints=[fp.Waypoint(50, 150, 0)] ), ], ) insts += device # Add the devices returned by Linked to insts .. image:: ../images/single2single.png The differences between the two methods are: 1. ``LinkBetween`` requires setting the ``waveguide_type`` and ``bendfactory`` to define the waveguide and bend in the routing. 2. ``LINKER`` is already configured in the ``technology`` file, no need to define ``waveguide_type`` and ``bendfactory`` again. Multi-port to Multi-port ---------------------------- There are two types of connections from multi-port to multi-port. 1. ``fp.Linked`` 2. ``fp.create_links`` Here's a comparison of the two options .. image:: ../images/multiport_to_multiport_en.png ``fp.Linked`` example ( Recommendation★★★ ) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ :: # Call the device GC = pdk.GratingCoupler(waveguide_type=TECH.WG.FWG.C.WIRE,teeth=25) # Place the device in different locations gc1 = GC.h_mirrored().translated(-100, -100) gc2 = GC.h_mirrored().translated(-100, 0) gc3 = GC.h_mirrored().translated(-100, 100) gc4 = GC.translated(100, -50) gc5 = GC.translated(100, 50) gc6 = GC.translated(100, 150) # Interconnecting device ports by calling the Linked method device = fp.Linked( link_type=TECH.WG.FWG.C.EXPANDED, # Define the type of straight waveguide in automatic routing bend_factory=TECH.WG.FWG.C.WIRE.BEND_CIRCULAR, # Define the type of bend in automatic routing # Define the connection between device ports in links links=[ gc1["op_0"] >> fp.Waypoint(-50, -50, 0) >> gc4["op_0"], # Use >> to define connections between two ports gc2["op_0"] >> fp.Waypoint(0, 50, 0) >> gc5["op_0"], # Use fp.Waypoint(x,y) to define the path point # Use LinkBetween to define a separate segment of the connection, # and you can modify the type of the straight waveguide and bend with parameters fp.LinkBetween( start=gc3["op_0"], end=gc6["op_0"], link_type=TECH.WG.SWG.C.EXPANDED, bend_factory=TECH.WG.SWG.C.WIRE.BEND_CIRCULAR, waypoints=[fp.Waypoint(50, 150, 0)] ) ], ports=[], ) insts += device # Add the device returned by Linked to insts .. image:: ../images/multi2multi.1.png ``fp.create_links`` example ( Recommendation★★★★★ ) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ :: # Call the device GC = pdk.GratingCoupler(waveguide_type=TECH.WG.FWG.C.WIRE) # Place the device in different locations and add them to insts gc1 = GC.h_mirrored().translated(-100, -100) insts += gc1 gc2 = GC.h_mirrored().translated(-100, 0) insts += gc2 gc3 = GC.h_mirrored().translated(-100, 100) insts += gc3 gc4 = GC.translated(100, -50) insts += gc4 gc5 = GC.translated(100, 50) insts += gc5 gc6 = GC.translated(100, 150) insts += gc6 # Interconnecting device ports by calling the create_links method device = fp.create_links( link_type=TECH.WG.FWG.C.EXPANDED, # Define the type of straight waveguide in automatic routing bend_factory=TECH.WG.FWG.C.WIRE.BEND_CIRCULAR, # Define the type of bend in automatic routing # Define the connection between device ports in specs specs=[ gc1["op_0"] >> fp.Waypoint(-50, -50, 0) >> gc4["op_0"], # Use >> to define connections between two ports gc2["op_0"] >> fp.Waypoint(0, 50, 0) >> gc5["op_0"], # Use fp.Waypoint(x,y) to define the path point # Use LinkBetween to define a separate segment of the connection, # and you can modify the type of the straight waveguide and bend with parameters fp.LinkBetween( start=gc3["op_0"], end=gc6["op_0"], link_type=TECH.WG.SWG.C.EXPANDED, bend_factory=TECH.WG.SWG.C.WIRE.BEND_CIRCULAR, waypoints=[fp.Waypoint(50, 150, 0)] ) ], ) # Get and print the length of the three connected links length_1 = device[0].curve_length length_2 = device[1].curve_length length_3 = device[2].curve_length print(f"{length_1} \n {length_2} \n {length_3}") insts += device # Add the device returned by create_links to insts .. image:: ../images/multi2multi.1.png .. image:: ../images/multi2multi.3.png The message box shows that the lengths of each of the three connected links are printed. Routing Path Selection ------------------------------ There are two ways to choose a path. 1. ``waypoints`` 2. ``waylines`` ``waypoints`` and ``waylines`` are used as parameters in the routing method to aid in waveguide alignment and avoidance, however, they cannot be used at the same time； ``waypoints`` can set the turning angle. If you have determined that the waveguide needs to pass through some points, you can use ``waypoints``, ``waylines`` can be more concise to do 90 degrees of turning. Here's a comparison of the two options .. image:: ../images/routing_way_en.png ``waylines`` ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Absolute control points provided """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" :: device = fp.LinkBetween( start=gc1["op_0"], end=gc2["op_0"], link_type=TECH.WG.SWG.C.EXPANDED, bend_factory=TECH.WG.SWG.C.WIRE.BEND_CIRCULAR, # By setting waylines so that the waveguide passes through the x=-50, y=50 and x=50 lines in turn waylines=[fp.until_x(-50), fp.until_y(50), fp.until_x(50)] ) .. image:: ../images/routingpath.1.png By setting ``waylines`` , we can control the waveguide first passes through the line ``x=-50`` and then through the lines ``y=50``, ``x=50``. Relative control points provided """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" :: device = fp.LinkBetween( start=gc1["op_0"], end=gc2["op_0"], link_type=TECH.WG.FWG.C.WIRE, bend_factory=TECH.WG.FWG.C.WIRE.BEND_CIRCULAR, waylines=[ fp.until_x(x=-100), # Pass through the line x = -100 fp.until_y(y=fp.START+100), # Take the vertical coordinate Y of the starting port, where Y=0, and pass through the line y=Y+100 fp.until_x(x=fp.PREV+100), # Take the horizontal coordinate X of the last turn, here X = -100, and pass through the line x = X + 100 fp.until_y(y=fp.END+50), # Take the vertical coordinate Y of the termination port, where Y=0, and pass through the line y=Y+50 fp.until_x(x=fp.PREV+100) # Take the horizontal coordinate X of the last turn, where X=0, and pass through the line x=X+100 ] ) .. image:: ../images/wayline_new.png Here ``fp.END`` is used to get the position of the ending port, and similarly ``fp.START`` can be used to get the position of the starting port. Use ``fp.PREV`` to get the position of the previous turning point, which allows the user to design based on the previous turning point. ``waypoints`` ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ :: device = fp.LinkBetween( start=gc1["op_0"], end=gc2["op_0"], link_type=TECH.WG.SWG.C.EXPANDED, bend_factory=TECH.WG.SWG.C.WIRE.BEND_CIRCULAR, # Set waypoints to guide the waveguide through the path points, the three values in the fp.Waypoints brackets represent x,y,angle respectively. waypoints=[ fp.Waypoint(-50, 10, 90), fp.Waypoint(0, 50, 0), fp.Waypoint(50, 10, -90)] ) insts += device .. image:: ../images/routingpath.3.png Set ``waypoints`` to guide the waveguide through the control points. The three values in the ``fp.Waypoint`` brackets represent ``x``,``y``,``angle`` respectively. For the case where the two ports are connected in U-shape, the length can be defined by setting the ``target_length`` parameter in ``LinkBetween`` and ``LINKER``, and the waveguide will automatically extend the straight waveguide to the corresponding length, where ``target_length`` is the total length of the entire wiring waveguide. ``target_length`` ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ :: device = fp.LinkBetween( start=gc1["op_0"], end=gc2["op_0"], link_type=TECH.WG.SWG.C.EXPANDED, bend_factory=TECH.WG.SWG.C.WIRE.BEND_CIRCULAR, # set target_length target_length=500 ) insts += device .. image:: ../images/routingpath.4.png .. image:: ../images/routingpath.5.png